For Naaila · Updated for the 2026 entrance cycle

Current Affairs &
Writing Guides

Everything you need on Ghana's current government, the world headlines that matter, and the three writing forms that come up most often on entrance papers: discussion essays, formal letters, and informal letters.

0Ghana Stories
0Global Stories
0Ministers
3Writing Forms

Current Affairs

Stories from Ghana and around the world that consistently surface in entrance papers and interviews. Each one is short, focused, and worded the way you'd want to answer.

Government & State Officials

The current executive, legislative, and judicial leadership of Ghana — the people you must be able to name in a vetting room.

Cabinet of President John Dramani Mahama, sworn in from January 2025. The Cabinet under Article 76 of the 1992 Constitution consists of the President, Vice President, and not less than 10 and not more than 19 Ministers of State.

Ghana has 16 administrative regions, each headed by a Regional Minister appointed by the President under Article 256 of the Constitution.

Parliament At A Glance

  • TypeUnicameral · 9th Parliament
  • Total seats276
  • Majority (NDC)185 seats
  • Minority (NPP)87 seats
  • Independents4 seats
  • Voting systemFirst-past-the-post

Judicial Note · The Torkornoo Affair

On 1 September 2025, President Mahama removed Chief Justice Gertrude Torkornoo from office under Article 146(9) of the Constitution, acting on the recommendation of an investigating committee that found grounds of stated misbehaviour. She was the first sitting Chief Justice in Ghana's history to be suspended, and her removal sparked national debate over judicial independence. The matter is also before the ECOWAS Court of Justice. Her successor, Justice Paul Baffoe-Bonnie, was sworn in shortly thereafter.

Essay & Letter Writing Guides

Three forms that show up across every Ghanaian pre-law and undergraduate entrance paper: the discussion essay, the formal letter, and the informal letter. Master the structure, and the rest is content.

What is a Discussion Essay?

A discussion essay presents multiple perspectives on a debatable issue, weighs them fairly, and arrives at a reasoned position. It is the most common essay form in Ghanaian entrance papers because it tests four legal-mind skills at once: balance, evidence, structure, and clarity.

The Five-Part Structure

  1. Introduction — define the issue, give context, state your thesis.
  2. Arguments for — develop 2–3 strongest points supporting one side.
  3. Arguments against — develop 2–3 strongest counter-points fairly.
  4. Evaluation — weigh the evidence, identify the stronger position.
  5. Conclusion — restate your position, summarise reasoning, end firmly.

Length & Time

Aim for 500–700 words in roughly 45 minutes: 5 minutes planning, 35 minutes writing, 5 minutes proofreading. Never skip the proofread — small errors cost disproportionate marks.

Linking Phrases You Should Memorise

  • To introduce arguments: "It is widely argued that…", "Proponents of this view contend…", "A strong case can be made for…"
  • To introduce counter-arguments: "On the other hand…", "However, critics argue…", "Conversely…", "A countervailing view holds…"
  • To evaluate: "On balance…", "Weighing both perspectives…", "While both views have merit…"
  • To conclude: "In light of the foregoing…", "Therefore, it can be concluded that…", "Ultimately…"

Worked Example

Question: "Should the death penalty be abolished in Ghana?"

Planning Skeleton (do this first) Position: Yes, abolish.
For abolition: (1) Irreversibility of wrongful conviction; (2) No proven deterrent effect; (3) Article 13 right to life.
Against abolition: (1) Retributive justice; (2) Public safety; (3) Cultural support.
Evaluation: Risk of executing the innocent + absence of deterrence outweigh retributive arguments.
Conclusion: Abolish — keep life imprisonment for the most serious cases.

Do

  • Take a clear position — even balanced essays end with a verdict.
  • Give each paragraph one main idea with evidence.
  • Use Ghanaian examples wherever possible (CHRAJ, the Constitution, Parliament).
  • Address the strongest counter-argument, not the weakest.
  • Vary sentence length — short for emphasis, long for analysis.

Don't

  • Don't sit on the fence — examiners read indecision as weakness.
  • Don't use slang, contractions, or first-person plural ("we all know").
  • Don't introduce new arguments in the conclusion.
  • Don't quote statistics you can't verify — paraphrase instead.
  • Don't write "I think" repeatedly; argue, don't announce.

Common Pitfalls

The list trap: writing six shallow points instead of three deep ones. Examiners reward depth.

The pulpit trap: moralising instead of arguing ("it is simply wrong"). Argue from evidence and principle.

The hedge trap: qualifying every sentence into meaninglessness ("perhaps it could be said that maybe…"). Be definite where evidence allows.

Formal Letters

A formal letter is written to someone you do not know personally, in an official capacity — a government office, an editor, a school principal, a company, a public institution. Tone is respectful, impersonal, and economical.

Structure (top to bottom)

  1. Sender's address — top right of the page; no name; date below.
  2. Recipient's address — top left, below sender, with their title.
  3. Salutation — "Dear Sir / Madam" if unknown; "Dear Mr Mensah" if known.
  4. Subject line — bold or underlined, capitalised. Tells the reader what the letter is about in one line.
  5. Opening paragraph — state your purpose immediately.
  6. Body paragraphs — supporting detail, evidence, requests.
  7. Closing paragraph — restate the action you want and thank the reader.
  8. Sign-off — "Yours faithfully" (if "Dear Sir/Madam") or "Yours sincerely" (if you named the person).
  9. Your full name — printed under your signature.

Tone Rules

  • No contractions ("do not", not "don't").
  • No exclamation marks except for genuine emergencies.
  • No emotional language ("I am furious") — be firm but cool.
  • One subject per paragraph. Short paragraphs are professional.
  • Use the passive voice for tact ("The matter has not been addressed") and active voice for clarity ("I request…").

Types You Should Know

Letter of application — for a job, scholarship, or admission. Lead with the role, give qualifications, attach CV.

Letter of complaint — be specific (date, place, what happened), state remedy sought.

Letter to the editor — react to a published piece or raise a public issue. Open with the article reference.

Letter of request / enquiry — ask clearly, give context, thank in advance.

Sample Formal Letter

A letter to the editor of a national newspaper on a topic of public concern.

P. O. Box 1234 East Legon, Accra 22 May 2026 The Editor Daily Graphic Graphic Communications Group P. O. Box 742 Accra Dear Sir, RE: THE RISING COST OF TERTIARY EDUCATION IN GHANA I write in response to your editorial of 18 May 2026, in which you highlighted the escalating fees being charged by both public and private universities in Ghana. While your observations are timely, I believe the discussion would benefit from a closer look at the underlying causes and possible remedies. First, the cedi's depreciation between 2022 and 2024 forced institutions to revise fees upward to cover imported materials and licensing costs. Although the currency has appreciated significantly in 2025, fee structures have not adjusted commensurately. The Ministry of Education must, in my view, engage university councils to ensure that recent macroeconomic gains are passed on to students. Second, the Students Loan Trust Fund, while well-intentioned, remains underfunded and bureaucratic. Many qualified applicants either receive their loans late or are turned away entirely. A review of the Fund's structure and a commitment to digital application processing would relieve thousands of households. I therefore urge the Ministry of Education and Parliament's Education Committee to convene a stakeholder dialogue before the next academic year. The future of our universities — and the students they serve — depends on it. Thank you for the opportunity to contribute to this important conversation. Yours faithfully, (Signature) Naaila Mensah

Marker's Eye View

Markers scan a formal letter for five things in this order: addresses, subject line, salutation-sign-off match, clear purpose in paragraph one, and the absence of casual language. Get all five right and you have already secured a credit.

Informal Letters

An informal letter is written to someone you know — family, a close friend, a relative. The tone is warm, personal, and conversational, but it still has a recognisable structure that markers look for.

Structure

  1. Your address — top right; no name; date below. (No recipient address.)
  2. Salutation — "Dear Mama", "Dear Kojo", "Hi Akua".
  3. Opening — greeting and pleasantries. Ask after the person and family.
  4. Body — the main message: news, advice, narrative, invitation, etc.
  5. Closing — wrap up warmly, send regards, mention you look forward to a reply.
  6. Sign-off — "Your loving daughter", "Yours sincerely", "Love", "Your friend".
  7. Your first name only.

Tone Rules

  • Contractions are fine ("I'm", "don't").
  • Personal pronouns are encouraged ("I", "you", "we").
  • Exclamation marks are allowed — sparingly.
  • Idioms, humour, and warmth are welcome.
  • Use rhetorical questions to mimic conversation ("Can you believe it?").

What Still Counts as a Mistake

  • Slang and pidgin — markers expect Standard English even in informal letters.
  • Skipping the address or date.
  • One huge paragraph — break the body into 2–4 paragraphs.
  • Forgetting to greet the family at the start.
  • Ending without asking for a reply.

Typical Prompts

"Write a letter to your friend describing your first week at university."

"Write to your younger brother advising him on how to prepare for BECE."

"Write to your aunt who has recently returned from abroad, inviting her to your graduation."

Sample Informal Letter

A letter to a close friend describing your preparation for the LLB entrance exam.

P. O. Box 1234 East Legon, Accra 22 May 2026 Dear Akosua, How are you and the family? I hope everyone is doing well and that your mum has recovered from her illness. Things in Accra have been busy as usual — Greater Accra never sleeps, as you know! I'm writing to share the news that I'll be sitting the Pre-LLB entrance exam at Wisconsin International University College next month. Yes, finally! After all the years of saying I would go to law school, the moment is almost here. I'm both excited and terrified, but mostly excited. My preparation has been intense. I've been studying every day — comprehension, grammar, legal awareness, current affairs, the works. I even built (well, my boyfriend built) an entire study website for me with quizzes, flashcards, and mock exams. Can you imagine? I think he's more invested in this than I am! It's been a real help, though, and I've been logging onto it every evening after work. The hardest part is the essay section. I keep practising discussion essays, and I now realise how different academic writing is from the way we chat. But I'm getting better at structuring my arguments — for, against, evaluate, conclude. Quite the formula. How is your nursing programme going? I want to hear everything when next we speak. Please write soon — your letters always lift my spirits. And tell Aunty Mansa I said hello. Love always, (Signature) Naaila

The Marker's Quick Test

If a marker can identify the relationship between writer and recipient in the first two lines, the tone is right. If your formal letter could be sent to a friend, or your informal letter could be sent to a minister — start again.